Binocular telescope.



UNITEDl STATES PA TENT OFFICE."

ALBERT KNIG, or JENA, GERMANY, AssleNoR To 'run Finn or CARL zEIss, or JENA,

GERMANY.

BINOCULAR TELESCOYE.

Patented May 4, 1909.'

Application aled April 2s, 190s. serial No. 429,614.

To all whom it may concemf -Be it known that I', ALBERT KNIG, a #itizen of the German Empire', and residing at Carl-Zeiss strasse, J ena, in the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar, Germany, have invented a new and useful Binocular: Telescope, of which the following is a specification.

The-invention consists in an improvement in double telescopes, in which the adjustability of the distance betweenthe oculars is attained by adapting each of the two oclllar casings so as t'o be rotatable with a small eccentrlcity on a rigid main casing. By the present improvement an advantage is conferred upon these double telescopes without the necessity of having to multiply the elements ot' construction, which advantage was lrst realized by the'hinged double telescopes: namely, binocular observation over sonle obstacle -sheltering the observer. This end is vattained with dropped ocular casings by increasing their eccentricity,- until the level of the two exit axes lies at least 15 cm. below l the bottom points of the entrance apertures.

apart than the ocular-s, the simplest arrangements tor each ot the two optical axes are those in which two rectangular deflections in the horizontal plane are followed by two similar ones in the vertical plane.' That section ot' the axis between the second and third deflections serves as axis of rotation for the ocular casing. If the first and second deflection have the like sign and the same holds lfor the third 'and fourth, the four reflecting prisms then form the more usualolle of the two lorro prism systems, consequently spesmall distance between the eyes, there arises an inclination between the two lmag'es in their-common plane, whlch ls double as reat as the angle, which the ocular casings orm.

Since on the one hand this angle-for a -definite deviation of the distance between the exitpupils from the average one-is ap roximately inversely proportional to the ength of the ocular casing, and on the other hand the images having a considerable rotation to. one another are no longer capableof being conveniently combined into a stereosco ic image, the special arrangement explaine vis only available in relatively long ocular casings. It may further be remarked, that in the one or the other half of the Porro system or in botl'rthe simple reflecting prisms can be substituted by optical square prisms,- plithout prejlldicing the image-erectlngefect. In the annexed drawing: Figure 1- is a front view of a double telescope constructed according to the invention. Fig.,2 is a transverse vertical section through the same double telescope along the line 9 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. '3 is a horizontal section through the same double telescope along the line 3-3 of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a front view of' another double telescope constructed according to the invention. Fi 5 is a. transverse vertical section throug the same double AtelescopeV along the line 5,-'5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section through the same double telescope along the line 6-6 of Fig. 4. Y In the arrangement shown in'Figs. 1 to" 3, the main casing a contains onthe side of each single 'telescope an objective b, a re-V fleeting prism c,v acollective lens dat theA place where the image is projected by the objective, an inverting lens system ev and a reflecting prism f. Eachocularcasing contains the prisms g andz. and the two lenses' of a amsden ocular, viz., the -field-lens i and the eye-lens le. The imageield of the inverting lenssystem e lies in the surface of the prism z. facing-the fleldflens i. Both ocular casings Z- and m are mounted for ro' tation on the main casing and, 4to -insure au equally large but opposite rotation, coupled together by the toothed sect'rs-n and o. In such rotationthe erect position of the image does not alter, since neither the pair of prisms c f nor thepair g k turns the image, both displacingit only laterally, QShould this double telescope be made use of to form Sii 'los

`2.5 two dropped ocular casings having each an a stereoscopic telemeter, the physical coml lponents of the stereoscopic measuring marks are expediently adapted in the image fields of the objectives l), that is on the collective -5 lenses d.

In the arrangement according to Figs. 4 to 6, the main casing p includes two objectives g, two double prisms 7 s and one of tl'1e prisms t. Of the ocular casingsu and o, u is fixed to the ina-in casing?) and includes i a prism w and the field-lens m as well as the eye-lens y of a Ranisden ocular. The ocular' .casing v" is mounted for rotation on the main casing p. It contains the same optical parts as l@and irloreover the other prism t. For adjusting the distance btween the oculars the twov ocular casings are connected by a spring e and a set-screw zo. The image fields ofthe objectives g lie in the hinder surfaces of the. prisms w.

, I claim: y f c 1,-In a' binocular telescope the combination, with a rigid main casing having two -apert-ures for the entrance of the rays, of

-exlt aperture at the dropped end, one at i least of the latter casings being rotatable on themain casing` and both being extended vertically downward so that the bevel of their exit 4axes vlies atleast 15 cm. below 30 the bottoni points of the entrance apertures.

2. ln a binoculartelescopethe combination, with a 'rigid main casing having` two entrance apertures, of' two'dropped'ocular casing's having each an exit aperture at the 35 dropped end, two objectives fixed in the main casing, two ocular lens systems. and two erecting prism systems, the front p0rtions of which are fixed in the main casinflV and each hinderv portion ofwhicli is fixed 4er in an ocular` casing, the levely of'= the aXes of vexit lyingl .atleast 15cm. belowtluer bottom points of the entrance apertures, eaclrprism. sys-teur defiecting- .the optical Aaxis successi'vely in two planes pcrpendicularto each 45 other,- in each by 180?7 :and one at least of the ocular casings being' rota-,tablel onil the main casing'about that "section of the optical axis which is common to/botvliy planes of' deflection. l 7

. -ALBERT KONIG.

Witnesess:

PAUL KRGER, FRITZ SA UDER. 

